In the last few months, media reports have carried more questions about how
Mn/DOT decides on its priorities for highway construction projects. One of our
readers has been thinking about how to answer questions like these, and has
posed several questions about using benefit-cost analysis.
Question: As a good business practice why doesn't Mn/DOT
track the benefit-cost ratios on all projects as a part of the programming criteria?
It would seem that this would require very little effort, be a good measure
in the use of tax dollars and aid in project selection in most cases?
Answer: Abigail McKenzie, director of economic analysis, Office of
Investment Management, responds: “We agree. We do think that benefit-cost analysis
is a good tool for analyzing highway project alternatives. Benefit-cost analysis
is very useful in finding the alternative with the “biggest bang for the buck”—the
one that gives taxpayers maximum benefit for their tax dollars.
“Mn/DOT has, indeed, been doing benefit-cost
analysis for a couple of years. Usually it’s applied to major highway
projects that cost more than $10 million, but has been applied to other types
of projects. Each district makes its own programming decisions after a detailed
analysis of alternatives that includes this technique for major projects.
“The methods we use are specified by the
American Association of State and Highway Transportation Offices. They are comparable
to the methods used by Transport Canada, Transit New Zealand, and other transportation
organizations around the world. This method identifies the benefits to the transportation
user (our customers) in terms of:
§
reduced travel time
§
reduced vehicle operating
costs, and
§
reduced crash costs (actual
costs incurred by individuals and insurers)
“Benefit-cost analysis is a very customer-driven
approach. It focuses on what road users are getting for the tax dollars invested
in the project, with those benefits translated into monetary figures. However,
it should be looked at as ONE part of many factors, including:
§
environmental issues
§
municipal consent
§
social issues, and
§
business development issues
“We do not recommend using it for transit
projects. It has some value here, but transit has many goals, such as:
§
reducing urban sprawl
§
providing mobility for lower
income people
§
reducing pollution, and
§
increasing a sense of community
“It is valuable information, but it’s ONE
piece of information in a larger process that encompasses many other goals.
“There is, at this point, no legislative
requirement to do benefit-cost analysis. It has been part of the legislative
requirements before, in an on-and-off fashion, for the last five to six years.
Rep. Phil Krinkie has proposed that it be revived. There is a Presidential Executive
Order that requires it on all federally funded projects—which is a portion of
our program.”
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